The A to Z of Moringa: 50 Common Questions Answered

Moringa, often referred to as the “miracle tree” or “drumstick tree,” has gained immense popularity for its diverse range of health benefits and nutritional value. From its leaves, seeds, and roots to its various culinary applications and medicinal uses, Moringa root is a subject of both scientific curiosity and traditional wisdom. In this comprehensive article, we delve into a multitude of common questions surrounding this remarkable plant, offering insights into its cultivation, consumption, and potential positive impacts on health and well-being.

Moringa: 50 Questions & Answers

What is Moringa?

Moringa, often referred to as the “drumstick tree” or “miracle tree,” is a fast-growing, drought-resistant tree native to parts of Africa and Asia. It is highly valued for its nutritional and medicinal properties, and various parts of the Moringa tree are used for their health benefits.

What is the scientific name of Moringa?

The scientific name of Moringa is Moringa oleifera. This plant belongs to the Moringaceae family and is the most commonly cultivated species for its nutritional and medicinal properties.

Does Moringa have other common names?

Yes, Moringa is known by various common names in different regions and languages. Some of the common names include drumstick tree, horseradish tree, ben oil tree, and saijhan in Hindi.

What is Moringa’s traditional and modern medicinal use?

Moringa has a rich history of traditional medicinal use, dating back thousands of years in Ayurvedic and traditional medicine systems. It has been used to treat a wide range of ailments, including inflammation, anemia, diabetes, and digestive disorders. In modern times, Moringa has gained global recognition for its nutritional value and potential health benefits. It is consumed as a dietary supplement, and research suggests it may have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties. Moringa is also used in various cosmetic and skincare products.

What nutrients (vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, etc.) does Moringa contain?

Moringa is a nutritional powerhouse, containing a variety of essential nutrients. It is rich in vitamins such as vitamin A, vitamin C, and various B vitamins, including folate and riboflavin. Additionally, it provides minerals like calcium, potassium, iron, and magnesium. Moringa leaves are particularly high in antioxidants, including quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and beta-carotene, which help combat oxidative stress and inflammation in the body. This nutrient-dense profile makes Moringa a valuable addition to a balanced diet, and its leaves, pods, and seeds are all used in different culinary and medicinal preparations.

Find the Best Moringa Products

Thousands of customer reviews are available to help you make the right choice. Embrace the power of nature!

Are there any potential side effects associated with Moringa?

Moringa is generally considered safe when consumed in moderation. However, like any dietary supplement, it may cause side effects in some individuals. Common side effects include digestive issues such as diarrhea, nausea, and stomach cramps. These symptoms usually occur when Moringa is taken in excessive amounts. It’s essential to start with a small dosage and monitor your body’s response. If you experience any adverse effects, discontinue use and consult a healthcare professional.

The recommended dosage of Moringa can vary depending on the form in which it is consumed. For powdered Moringa leaf, a typical daily dose ranges from 1 to 3 teaspoons. If you’re taking Moringa capsules or tablets, follow the manufacturer’s instructions, which usually suggest 1 to 2 capsules per day. It’s crucial to start with a lower dose and gradually increase it as needed while monitoring your body’s response. Keep in mind that individual tolerance may differ, so adjusting the dosage to your specific needs is advisable.

Is Moringa safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women?

Moringa is generally considered safe for pregnant and breastfeeding women when consumed in moderation. It is a good source of essential nutrients like iron and calcium, which can be beneficial during pregnancy and lactation. However, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare provider before incorporating Moringa into your diet during these periods. They can provide personalized guidance based on your health status and dietary needs.

Can children safely consume Moringa?

In most cases, children can safely consume Moringa as part of a balanced diet. However, it’s essential to be mindful of the dosage. Children typically require smaller amounts than adults. You should consult with a pediatrician or healthcare provider to determine the appropriate dosage for your child’s age and nutritional needs.

How should Moringa be prepared or consumed (e.g., tea, tincture, capsules, tablets)?

Moringa can be consumed in various forms, depending on personal preference and availability. Common methods of consumption include:

  • Powdered Moringa: You can add Moringa powder to smoothies, soups, and sauces, or sprinkle it over salads. Start with a small amount and gradually increase as needed.
  • Moringa Tea: Steep Moringa leaves in hot water for a nutrient-rich tea. You can also blend fresh Moringa leaves with other herbs for a flavorful infusion.
  • Capsules or Tablets: Moringa supplements are available in capsule or tablet form. Follow the manufacturer’s recommended dosage instructions when using these products.
  • Moringa Tinctures: Tinctures are concentrated liquid extracts of Moringa. Follow the dosage instructions provided on the tincture bottle.
  • Moringa Oil: Moringa oil is often used for topical applications, such as skincare and haircare.

Choose the form that suits your lifestyle and dietary preferences while ensuring you adhere to recommended dosages for safe consumption.

Are there any contraindications or health conditions that Moringa may worsen?

Moringa is generally safe for most people when consumed in moderate amounts as a part of a balanced diet. However, individuals with certain health conditions or taking specific medications should exercise caution. Moringa may interact with anticoagulant medications, so if you’re on blood thinners, consult your healthcare provider before adding Moringa to your diet. Additionally, people with kidney issues should be mindful, as Moringa contains high levels of certain minerals that can potentially exacerbate kidney problems if consumed excessively. Pregnant or breastfeeding women should also consult their healthcare provider before using Moringa supplements, as its safety during these periods is not yet fully established.

Where is Moringa usually sourced or cultivated?

Moringa, also known as the “drumstick tree” or “horseradish tree,” thrives in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. It is native to South Asia but is now cultivated in various countries with suitable climates, including India, the Philippines, Africa, and parts of Central and South America. Moringa trees are adaptable and drought-resistant, making them ideal for cultivation in arid regions. Due to its increasing popularity, Moringa is also grown in greenhouses in non-tropical regions to meet the demand for its nutritional and medicinal properties.

Yes, Moringa is legal to possess and use in the United States. It is classified as a dietary supplement, and its leaves, seeds, and oil are readily available in health food stores and online. However, it’s essential to purchase Moringa products from reputable sources to ensure quality and safety. Also, keep in mind that the FDA does not regulate dietary supplements as rigorously as pharmaceutical drugs, so it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before using Moringa, especially if you have underlying health concerns or are taking other medications.

Are there any known allergens in Moringa?

Moringa is considered relatively safe from allergenic reactions, but individual sensitivities can vary. Allergic reactions to Moringa are rare, but some people may experience mild stomach discomfort, diarrhea, or skin rashes after consuming it. If you’re concerned about allergies, start with a small amount of Moringa and monitor your body’s response. If any adverse reactions occur, discontinue use and consult a healthcare provider.

May Moringa supplements contain contaminants like pesticides or heavy metals?

Yes, like many agricultural products, Moringa supplements can potentially contain contaminants such as pesticides and heavy metals. The presence of these contaminants largely depends on the source and quality of the Moringa product. To minimize this risk, opt for Moringa supplements from reputable brands that conduct thorough testing and quality control. Look for products that have undergone third-party testing to ensure they meet safety and purity standards. Additionally, buying organic Moringa products can reduce the likelihood of pesticide residues. Always follow the manufacturer’s recommended dosage to minimize any potential risks associated with contaminants.

Are there any known long-term effects of using Moringa?

Using Moringa over an extended period is generally considered safe for most people. However, it’s essential to consume it in moderation, as excessive amounts may lead to digestive issues or an upset stomach. While Moringa is packed with nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, it’s advisable not to rely solely on Moringa supplements for your nutritional needs. A balanced diet is key for long-term health.

Do Moringa supplements have a specific shelf life or expiration date?

Moringa supplements, like any other dietary supplements, come with a shelf life or expiration date. This date ensures that the product maintains its potency and safety. Always check the label for this information and avoid using Moringa supplements past their expiration date. Proper storage, such as keeping them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, can help prolong their shelf life.

What is the best time of day to take Moringa?

There is no one-size-fits-all answer to the best time to take Moringa, as it can vary depending on individual preferences and needs. Some people prefer taking it in the morning to kickstart their day, while others find it more convenient in the afternoon or evening. It’s essential to choose a time that aligns with your routine and allows you to be consistent in your intake. However, taking Moringa with a meal or snack can help improve its absorption.

Should Moringa pills be taken with food or on an empty stomach?

Moringa supplements can be taken with or without food, depending on your digestive sensitivity. Taking them with food is often recommended for those with sensitive stomachs to minimize the risk of gastrointestinal discomfort. However, if you have a robust digestive system, taking Moringa on an empty stomach may be equally effective. Listen to your body and adjust your intake accordingly.

Are there any dietary restrictions or guidelines while using Moringa?

While Moringa is a nutrient-rich supplement, there are a few considerations to keep in mind. If you have certain medical conditions or are taking medications, consult with a healthcare professional before adding Moringa to your diet, as it may interact with medications or exacerbate certain conditions. Additionally, avoid excessive consumption of Moringa, as it can have a laxative effect in high doses. Balance is key, so incorporate Moringa into a diverse and well-rounded diet for the best results.

The recommended duration of use for Moringa can vary depending on your specific health goals and individual needs. Typically, Moringa supplements are safe for daily consumption. However, it’s advisable to use them in cycles, such as taking a break every few weeks, to prevent your body from developing a tolerance. Consulting with a healthcare professional or an herbalist can help determine the ideal duration for your unique circumstances.

Is it advisable to consult a healthcare professional before using Moringa?

Yes, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before using Moringa, especially if you have any underlying health conditions, are pregnant or nursing, or are currently taking medications. They can provide personalized guidance, ensuring that Moringa won’t interact negatively with your medical history or current treatments.

Are there any special precautions for storing Moringa supplements?

Storing Moringa supplements correctly is essential to maintain their freshness and potency. It’s best to keep them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight. Seal the container tightly after each use to prevent moisture from entering, which can lead to clumping and reduced effectiveness. Proper storage ensures that your Moringa supplements remain viable for a longer period.

How does Moringa taste, and can it be mixed with other herbs or foods for palatability?

Moringa has a mildly earthy and slightly bitter taste. Some people may find its flavor strong when taken on its own. To improve palatability, you can mix Moringa powder with other foods or beverages. Many individuals blend it into smoothies, sprinkle it on salads, or stir it into soups and stews. Experiment with different combinations to find a taste that suits your palate.

What other supplements work well together with Moringa?

Moringa, known for its rich nutritional content, can be combined with various other supplements to support overall health and address specific wellness goals. Here are some supplements that work well in conjunction with Moringa:

  • Spirulina: Moringa and Spirulina are both nutrient-dense superfoods. Combining them can provide a powerhouse of essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, supporting overall health and boosting energy levels.
  • Turmeric (Curcumin): Moringa and curcumin, the active compound in Turmeric, have anti-inflammatory properties. This combination may help reduce inflammation and support joint health.
  • Ashwagandha: Combining Moringa with Ashwagandha can provide a synergistic effect in managing stress, enhancing mood, and promoting a sense of calm and well-being.
  • Vitamin C: Moringa is rich in vitamins, including vitamin C. Combining it with an additional vitamin C supplement can further boost your immune system and enhance skin health.
  • Chlorella: Chlorella, like Moringa, is a nutrient-dense green superfood. Together, they can provide a wide spectrum of essential nutrients and support detoxification.
  • Ginger: Moringa and Ginger have anti-inflammatory properties and can be combined to support digestion, reduce nausea, and manage inflammation.
  • Biotin (Vitamin B7): Moringa is a good source of biotin, but combining it with a biotin supplement can further promote healthy hair, skin, and nails.
  • Probiotics: Moringa supports gut health, and probiotics can complement this by promoting a balanced gut microbiome. This combination can enhance digestive and immune health.
  • Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Combining Moringa with an omega-3 supplement can provide a comprehensive approach to heart and brain health, as well as reduce inflammation.
  • Vitamin D: Moringa is not a significant source of vitamin D, which is essential for bone health and immune function. Pairing Moringa with a vitamin D supplement can ensure you meet your daily requirements.

Is there any scientific research or clinical evidence supporting Moringa’s effectiveness?

Yes, there is a growing body of scientific research and clinical studies that support the potential health benefits of Moringa. Moringa oleifera, often referred to as the “drumstick tree” or “miracle tree,” has been studied for its nutritional and medicinal properties. It is rich in essential vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, and bioactive compounds. Some research suggests that Moringa may have anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties. It has been investigated for its potential to lower blood sugar levels, reduce cholesterol, and support cardiovascular health. However, it’s essential to note that while these studies are promising, more research is needed to establish its effectiveness conclusively.

Find the Best Moringa Products

Thousands of customer reviews are available to help you make the right choice. Embrace the power of nature!

Are there any age restrictions for using Moringa (e.g., suitable for the elderly)?

Generally, Moringa is considered safe for people of all ages, including the elderly. Its nutritional profile, including vitamins and minerals, can be particularly beneficial for older adults. However, individual tolerance may vary. If you’re introducing Moringa into the diet of an elderly person, it’s advisable to start with a small amount and monitor for any adverse reactions. Additionally, consulting a healthcare professional is a good practice, especially if the elderly individual has any underlying medical conditions or is taking medications that may interact with Moringa.

Does Moringa require a specific preparation method, such as decoction or infusion?

Moringa can be prepared and consumed in various ways, depending on personal preference and the specific part of the plant you’re using. The leaves are often used in salads, smoothies, or cooked dishes. You can also make Moringa tea by steeping the leaves in hot water, similar to an infusion. The seeds can be eaten raw or roasted, and the powder made from dried leaves is a popular dietary supplement. While there’s no strict requirement for a specific preparation method, it’s essential to ensure that Moringa is sourced from a reliable and safe supplier to avoid contamination or adulteration.

Can Moringa be used topically (externally) in addition to internal consumption?

Yes, Moringa can be used topically. Its oil, extracted from the seeds, is rich in nutrients and is commonly used in skincare and haircare products. Moringa oil has moisturizing and emollient properties, making it beneficial for skin and hair. It can help nourish and hydrate the skin, reduce inflammation, and promote healthy hair growth. However, as with any topical product, it’s advisable to perform a patch test to check for any allergic reactions before widespread use.

Are there any known symptoms of overdose or excessive use of Moringa?

While Moringa is generally safe when consumed in moderate amounts, excessive use may lead to certain side effects. These can include digestive issues such as diarrhea, nausea, and stomach cramps. The high fiber content in Moringa may contribute to these symptoms if consumed excessively. Additionally, some compounds in Moringa, such as isothiocyanates, can be harmful in large quantities. It’s important to use Moringa in moderation and follow recommended dosages, especially when using Moringa supplements. If you experience any adverse effects, it’s advisable to reduce or discontinue its use and consult a healthcare professional if symptoms persist or worsen.

What is Moringa’s mode of action within the body?

Moringa’s mode of action within the body is multifaceted. It is renowned for its rich nutritional profile, containing essential vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants. Moringa leaves, in particular, are packed with nutrients like vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium, and iron. Additionally, Moringa contains bioactive compounds such as quercetin, chlorogenic acid, and beta-carotene, which contribute to its health benefits. These compounds possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, which can help combat oxidative stress and inflammation in the body.

Are there any known synergistic effects when Moringa is combined with specific nutrients?

Yes, there are known synergistic effects when Moringa is combined with specific nutrients. For instance, when Moringa is consumed with vitamin C-rich foods, it can enhance the absorption of iron from plant-based sources due to its high vitamin C content. This synergy can be particularly beneficial for individuals with iron-deficiency anemia. Additionally, combining Moringa with foods rich in healthy fats can enhance the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins present in Moringa, such as vitamin A.

Does Moringa have a distinct aroma or essential oil that may have therapeutic benefits?

Moringa does have a distinct aroma, characterized by a mild, earthy, and slightly peppery fragrance. This aroma is attributed to the presence of essential oils in Moringa leaves, seeds, and flowers. While Moringa essential oil isn’t as widely studied as other essential oils, it is believed to have potential therapeutic benefits. Some studies suggest that Moringa essential oil may possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a candidate for various applications in traditional medicine and aromatherapy.

Are there any cultural or historical uses of Moringa that should be considered?

Moringa has a rich cultural and historical background, with roots in ancient Ayurvedic medicine and traditional healing practices in regions where it is native, such as India and Africa. For centuries, Moringa has been used to treat various ailments and as a dietary supplement to combat malnutrition. In some cultures, Moringa leaves are incorporated into traditional dishes, reflecting its significance as a staple food source.

Does Moringa have any spiritual or ceremonial significance in certain traditions?

Yes, Moringa holds spiritual and ceremonial significance in certain traditions. In India, for example, Moringa is sometimes associated with religious rituals and is considered a sacred tree. Its leaves, seeds, and flowers are offered in religious ceremonies as a symbol of purity and auspiciousness. In other cultures, Moringa may be used for rituals or as a protective plant believed to ward off negative energy. These cultural and spiritual connections have contributed to Moringa’s enduring presence in various traditions worldwide.

Are there any variations in Moringa’s potency based on its geographic origin?

Yes, there can be variations in Moringa’s potency depending on its geographic origin. Factors such as climate, soil quality, and cultivation methods can influence the plant’s nutrient content. Moringa grown in nutrient-rich soil and under favorable conditions tends to have higher nutrient concentrations, making it more potent in terms of nutritional value.

Does Moringa have a known effect on specific organs or body systems?

Moringa has been studied for its potential effects on various organs and body systems. It is known for its rich nutrient profile, including vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, which can support overall health. Some studies suggest that Moringa may have a positive impact on the immune system, skin health, and digestive health. However, its effects may vary from person to person.

Are there any known interactions of Moringa with commonly prescribed medications?

While Moringa is generally considered safe when consumed as part of a balanced diet, it’s essential to be cautious when taking it alongside specific medications. Moringa may interact with medications like blood thinners and diabetes drugs. If you are on any prescription medications, it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before adding Moringa to your routine to ensure there are no adverse interactions.

What are the potential benefits and risks of long-term or chronic use of Moringa?

The potential benefits of long-term or chronic use of Moringa include improved overall nutrition, increased energy levels, and better immune system support due to its nutrient-rich composition. However, like with any supplement, moderation is key. Excessive or prolonged use of Moringa may lead to adverse effects, such as digestive issues or interference with certain medications. It’s advisable to consume Moringa in recommended doses and consult a healthcare provider if you plan to use it regularly for an extended period.

Is it advisable to cycle on and off Moringa to prevent tolerance or dependence?

There is no concrete evidence to suggest that cycling on and off Moringa is necessary to prevent tolerance or dependence. Moringa is not considered addictive, and there is limited research on the development of tolerance. However, it’s always a good practice to periodically assess the effectiveness of any supplement in your routine and make adjustments as needed. If you have concerns about tolerance or dependence, consulting with a healthcare professional can provide personalized guidance based on your specific circumstances.

Are there any precautions regarding driving or operating machinery while using Moringa?

While Moringa is generally considered safe for most people when consumed in recommended doses, it’s essential to exercise caution when driving or operating machinery. Some individuals may experience mild dizziness or drowsiness after consuming Moringa supplements. If you’re one of them, it’s advisable to refrain from tasks that require utmost alertness until you understand how Moringa affects you personally.

Moringa does not typically require specific dietary restrictions or lifestyle changes. However, it’s a good practice to maintain a balanced diet and avoid excessive consumption of Moringa supplements. Incorporating Moringa into your regular diet as part of a diverse and nutritious eating plan is the best way to enjoy its benefits.

Does Moringa have any specific recommendations for addressing common side effects?

Common side effects associated with Moringa are mild and rare. These may include digestive issues like diarrhea or stomach cramps, particularly when consumed in excess. To address these side effects, it’s advisable to reduce your Moringa intake or consult a healthcare professional for guidance. Staying adequately hydrated can also help alleviate any gastrointestinal discomfort.

Are there any known variations or subspecies of Moringa with different properties?

Moringa oleifera, the most widely recognized species, is the primary focus of research and commercial use due to its numerous health benefits. Although there are several subspecies and regional variations of Moringa, they tend to share similar properties with minor variations in nutrient composition. However, it’s essential to source your Moringa products from reputable suppliers to ensure quality and consistency.

Does Moringa have any documented cases of misuse or abuse?

There are no widespread documented cases of misuse or abuse of Moringa. It is generally regarded as safe when consumed within recommended guidelines. Nevertheless, it’s crucial to follow dosage instructions and avoid excessive use, as this can lead to undesirable side effects. Always consult with a healthcare professional if you have concerns about the proper use of Moringa supplements.

Is Moringa regulated or approved for medicinal use in the United States?

Yes, Moringa is not regulated as a medicine by the FDA in the United States. However, it is available as a dietary supplement. The FDA regulates dietary supplements under different rules than those for prescription or over-the-counter drugs. Therefore, Moringa supplements should adhere to quality and labeling standards, but they are not approved for treating specific medical conditions.

Are there any known interactions of Moringa when combined with other medicinal herbs?

Moringa is generally considered safe when used as directed. However, caution should be exercised when combining it with other medicinal herbs, as interactions may occur. For example, Moringa may enhance the effects of certain herbs like anticoagulants or blood pressure medications, potentially leading to adverse effects. It’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before combining Moringa with other herbal remedies.

How does Moringa’s preparation or dosage change for acute versus chronic conditions?

The preparation and dosage of Moringa can vary depending on whether it is used for acute or chronic conditions. For acute conditions, a higher initial dosage may be recommended to address the immediate issue. In contrast, for chronic conditions, a lower, consistent dosage may be preferred for long-term support. Always follow the recommended dosing instructions on the product label, and consult with a healthcare provider for personalized guidance.

Find the Best Moringa Products

Thousands of customer reviews are available to help you make the right choice. Embrace the power of nature!

Are there any known withdrawal symptoms when discontinuing the use of Moringa?

There are no documented withdrawal symptoms associated with discontinuing the use of Moringa. Since it is not addictive, you can stop using it without experiencing withdrawal effects. However, if you have been using Moringa for a specific health concern, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional before discontinuing to ensure a smooth transition.

What are the best supplement brands of Moringa?

The choice of the best Moringa supplement brand can vary depending on individual preferences and requirements. Some reputable brands that offer high-quality Moringa supplements include Organic India and Fresh Healthcare, among others. It’s essential to look for products that are certified organic and undergo third-party testing for quality and purity. Reading customer reviews and consulting with a healthcare professional can help you determine the right Moringa supplement brand for your needs. Always follow the recommended dosage and consider any potential interactions with medications or pre-existing health conditions before starting any new dietary supplement.

Article References & Sources

At AncientHerbsWisdom, our content relies on reputable sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to substantiate the information presented in our articles. Our primary objective is to ensure our content is thoroughly fact-checked, maintaining a commitment to accuracy, reliability, and trustworthiness.

  1. Gopalakrishnan, L., et al. (2016). Moringa oleifera: A review on nutritive importance and its medicinal application.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213453016300362
  2. Shamlan G, Al-Nouri DM, Alathbah AA, Arzoo S, Habibullah MM. Antiarthritic, anti-inflammatory activity of Moringa peregrina seed oil and leaves in Freund’s complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. J King Saud Univ Sci. 2021;33(3):101350. doi:10.1016/j.jksus.2021.101350
  3. Mthiyane, F. T., et al. (2022). A review on the antidiabetic properties of Moringa oleifera extracts: Focusing on oxidative stress and inflammation as main therapeutic targets.
    https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.940572/full
  4. Aekthammarat D, Pannangpetch P, Tangsucharit P. Moringa oleifera leaf extract lowers high blood pressure by alleviating vascular dysfunction and decreasing oxidative stress in L-NAME hypertensive rats. Phytomedicine. 2019;54:9-16. doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2018.10.023
  5. Shamlan, G., et al. (2021). Antiarthritic, anti-inflammatory activity of Moringa peregrina seed oil and leaves in Freund’s complete adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1018364721000112
  6. Alia F, Putri M, Anggraeni N, Syamsunarno MRAA. The potency of Moringa oleifera Lam. as protective agent in cardiac damage and vascular dysfunction. Front Pharmacol. 2022;12:724439. doi:10.3389/fphar.2021.724439
  7. Jahan, S., et al. (2022). Antibacterial effect of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf ethanolic extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli [Abstract].
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36189541/
  8. Cheraghi M, Namdari M, Daraee H, Negahdari B. Cardioprotective effect of magnetic hydrogel nanocomposite loaded N,α-L-rhamnopyranosyl vincosamide isolated from Moringa oleifera leaves against doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in rats: in vitro and in vivo studies. J Microencapsul. 2017;34(4):335-341. doi:10.1080/02652048.2017.1311955
  9. Wright, R. J., et al. (2017). An investigation of the antioxidant capacity in extracts from Moringa oleifera plants grown in Jamaica.
    https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/6/4/48
  10. Stohs SJ, Hartman MJ. Review of the safety and efficacy of moringa oleifera. Phytother Res. 2015;29(6):796-804. doi:10.1002/ptr.5325
  11. Almatrafi, M. M., et al. (2017). Moringa leaves prevent hepatic lipid accumulation and inflammation in guinea pigs by reducing the expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5535825/
  12. Liao M, Sun C, Li R, et al. Amelioration action of gastrodigenin rhamno-pyranoside from Moringa seeds on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Food Chem. 2022;379:132087. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132087
  13. Li, C., et al. (2022). Therapeutic effect of Moringa oleifera leaves on constipation mice based on pharmacodynamics and serum metabonomics [Abstract].
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34534599/
  14. Giacoppo S, Iori R, Bramanti P, Mazzon E. Topical moringin-cream relieves neuropathic pain by suppression of inflammatory pathway and voltage-gated ion channels in murine model of multiple sclerosis. Mol Pain. 2017;13:1744806917724318. doi:10.1177/1744806917724318
  15. Alia, F., et al. (2021). The potency of Moringa oleifera Lam. as protective agent in cardiac damage and vascular dysfunction.
    https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2021.724439/full
  16. Akram R, Anwar H, Javed MS, et al. Natural molecules as promising players against diabetic peripheral neuropathy: an emerging nutraceutical approach. Int J Food Prop. 2023;26(1):894-914. doi:10.1080/10942912.2023.2189569
  17. Zhou, Y., et al. (2018). Moringa oleifera stem extract protect skin keratinocytes against oxidative stress injury by enhancement of antioxidant defense systems and activation of PPARα.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0753332218331895
  18. Akter T, Rahman MA, Moni A, et al. Prospects for protective potential of Moringa oleifera against kidney diseases. Plants (Basel). 2021;10(12):2818. doi:10.3390/plants10122818
  19. Menon, S., et al. (2022). Inhibition of crystallization of calcium oxalate monohydrate using leaves from different species of Moringa – Experimental and theoretical studies.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022024822003414?dgcid=rss_sd_all
  20. Paikra BK, Dhongade HKJ, Gidwani B. Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Moringa oleifera Lam. J Pharmacopuncture. 2017;20(3):194-200. doi:10.3831/KPI.2017.20.022
  21. Johra, F. T., et al. (2020). A mechanistic review of β-Carotene, lutein, and zeaxanthin in eye health and disease.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7692753/
  22. Stohs SJ, Hartman MJ. Review of the safety and efficacy of moringa oleifera. Phytother Res. 2015;29(6):796-804. doi:10.1002/ptr.5325
  23. Meireles, D., et al. (2020). A review of properties, nutritional and pharmaceutical applications of Moringa oleifera: Integrative approach on conventional and traditional Asian medicine.
    https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s13596-020-00468-0
  24. Gopalakirshnan L, Doriya K, Kumar D. Moringa oleifera: a review on nutritive important and its medicinal application. Food Science and Human Wellness. 2016,5:49-56. doi:10.1016/j.fshw.2016.04.001
  25. Ventura, A. C. S, et al. (2021). The oil from Moringa oleifera seeds accelerates chronic skin wound healing.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2667031321000816
  26. Leone A, Bertoli S, Di Lello S, et al. Effect of moringa oleifera leaf powder on postprandial blood glucose response: in vivo study on Saharawi people living in refugee camps. Nutrients. 2018;10(10):1494. doi:10.3390/nu10101494
  27. Islam, Z., et al. (2021). Moringa oleifera is a prominent source of nutrients with potential health benefits.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8373516/
  28. Ventura AC, de Paula T, Gonçalves JP, et al. The oil from Moringa oleifera seeds accelerates chronic skin wound healing. Phytomed Plus. 2021;1(3):100099. doi:10.1016/j.phyplu.2021.100099
  29. E. coli (Escherichia coli). (2022).
    https://www.cdc.gov/ecoli/index.html
  30. Cretella ABM, Soley BDS, Pawloski PL, et al. Expanding the anti-inflammatory potential of Moringa oleifera: topical effect of seed oil on skin inflammation and hyperproliferation. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;254:112708. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2020.112708
  31. Suresh, S., et al. (2020). Phytochemical analysis and pharmacological evaluation of methanolic leaf extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. in ovalbumin induced allergic asthma.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0254629919313572
  32. Jahan S, Shahjahan M, Rasna SS, et al. Antibacterial effect of moringa (Moringa oleifera) leaf ethanolic extract against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Mymensingh Med J. 2022
  33. Staphylococcal (Staph) food poisoning. (2023).
    https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/diseases/staphylococcal.html
  34. Khan, M. F., et al. (2021). Review article on effects of moringa on central nervous system.
    https://www.jyoungpharm.org/sites/default/files/tmp/JYoungPharm-13-4-315.pdf
  35. Islam MT, Martins N, Imran M, et al. Anxiolytic-like effects of Moringa oleifera in Swiss mice. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand). 2020;66(4):73-77.
  36. Haroen, U., et al. (2022). Determination of nutrient content, β-carotene, and antioxidant activity of Moringa oleifera extraction using organic solution.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9298099/
  37. Wu YY, Xu YM, Lau ATY. Anti-cancer and medicinal potentials of moringa isothiocyanate. Molecules. 2021;26(24):7512. doi:10.3390/molecules26247512
  38. Cyril-Olutayo, M. C., et al. (2018). In vitro evaluation of Moringa oleifera leaf extracts used in managing sickle cell patients in South West Nigeria.
    https://www.ajol.info/index.php/njpr/article/view/175435
  39. Asiedu-Gyekye A, Frimpong-Manso S, Awortwe C, Antwi D, Nyarko A. Micro- and macroelemental composition and safety evaluation of the nutraceutical Morniga oleifera leaves. J. Toxicol. 2014;2014:1-13. doi:10.1002/ptr.5325
  40. Husien, H. M., et al. (2022). Moringa oleifera leaf polysaccharide alleviates experimental colitis by inhibiting inflammation and maintaining intestinal barrier.
    https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.1055791/full
  41. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; 2006- Drugs and Lactation Database. Moringa.
  42. Cretella, A. B. M., et al. (2021). Expanding the anti-inflammatory potential of Moringa oleifera: Topical effect of seed oil on skin inflammation and hyperproliferation.
    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0378874119339662?via%3Dihub
  43. Pal A, Bawankule DU, Darokar MP, et al. Influence of Moringa oleifera on pharmacokinetic disposition of rifampicin using HPLC-PDA method: a pre-clinical study. Biomed Chromatogr. 2011;25(6):641-645. doi:10.1002/bmc.1494
  44. Abd-Rabou, A. A., et al. (2017). Moringa oleifera root induces cancer apoptosis more effectively than leave nanocomposites and its free counterpart.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5697473/
  45. Alkhudhayri, D. A., et al. (2021). Moringa peregrina leaf extracts produce anti-obesity, hypoglycemic, anti-hyperlipidemic, and hepatoprotective effects on high-fat diet fed rats.
    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8176035/
  46. Alkhudhayri, D. A., et al. (2021). Moringa peregrina leaf extracts produce anti-
  47. Olurishe C, Kwanashie H, Zezi A, Danjuma N, Mohammad B. Chronic administration of ethanol leaf extract of Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) may compromise glycaemic efficacy of Stiagliptin with no significant effect in retinopathy in a diabetic rat model. J Ethnopharmacol. 2016;194:895-903. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.065

Valuable Resources