In the pursuit of holistic well-being, ancient remedies often hold the keys to unlocking our body’s full potential. This article delves into the profound world of Rehmannia, a powerful herb with a rich history in traditional medicine. We answer 50 essential questions, shedding light on the myriad benefits and applications of this remarkable plant. Whether you’re a seasoned herbal enthusiast or a curious seeker of natural health solutions, this comprehensive guide promises to unveil the hidden gems of Rehmannia’s potential for your well-being.
Rehmannia: 50 Questions & Answers
What is Rehmannia?
Rehmannia, also known as Chinese foxglove or Di Huang in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), is a flowering plant native to China and other parts of East Asia. It belongs to the family Scrophulariaceae and is renowned for its extensive use in herbal medicine.
What is the scientific name of Rehmannia?
Rehmannia’s scientific name is Rehmannia glutinosa. This name is commonly used in botanical references and research.
Does Rehmannia have other common names?
Yes, apart from Chinese foxglove and Di Huang, Rehmannia is also known by other common names such as “Sheng Di Huang” and “Rehmannia root” in the context of traditional Chinese medicine. In various regions, it may have additional local names.
What is Rehmannia’s traditional and modern medicinal use?
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has employed Rehmannia for centuries, primarily for its ability to nourish Yin and Blood, addressing conditions related to the kidney and liver. It is used to alleviate symptoms of conditions like kidney Yin deficiency, anemia, menopausal symptoms, and more.
In modern herbal medicine and alternative therapies, Rehmannia is still used for similar purposes. It’s often recommended for hormonal imbalances, adrenal fatigue, and supporting overall vitality. Research is ongoing to explore its potential in managing conditions like diabetes and inflammation.
What nutrients (vitamins, minerals, antioxidants, etc.) does Rehmannia contain?
Rehmannia contains various bioactive compounds, including iridoids, glycosides, and phenolic compounds. While it doesn’t boast a significant array of vitamins or minerals, its medicinal properties are attributed to these unique phytochemicals. These compounds contribute to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which are crucial in its traditional and modern medicinal applications. Keep in mind that Rehmannia is primarily valued for its holistic therapeutic properties rather than its nutrient content.
Find the Best Rehmannia Products
Thousands of customer reviews are available to help you make the right choice. Embrace the power of nature!
Are there any potential side effects associated with Rehmannia?
Rehmannia, a commonly used herb in traditional Chinese medicine, is generally considered safe when used appropriately. However, like many supplements and herbs, it may have potential side effects, although they are relatively rare. Some individuals may experience gastrointestinal discomfort, such as nausea or diarrhea, when taking Rehmannia. To minimize the risk of side effects, it’s advisable to start with a lower dose and gradually increase it if needed.
What is the recommended dosage for Rehmannia?
The recommended dosage of Rehmannia can vary depending on the form in which it is consumed, such as capsules, tablets, tinctures, or raw herb preparations. Typically, for adults, a standard dose might range from 1 to 5 grams of the dried herb, taken two to three times a day. However, consulting with a healthcare professional or herbalist for personalized dosage recommendations is essential, as individual factors like age, weight, and specific health conditions can influence the appropriate dosage.
Is Rehmannia safe for pregnant or breastfeeding women?
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should exercise caution when considering Rehmannia. While it has been traditionally used to support female reproductive health, there is limited scientific data on its safety during pregnancy and lactation. Expectant or nursing mothers should consult with a healthcare provider before using Rehmannia or any herbal supplement to ensure it’s safe and suitable for their specific circumstances.
Can children safely consume Rehmannia?
Rehmannia is not typically recommended for children, as its safety and appropriate dosages for pediatric use have not been extensively studied. It’s best to consult with a qualified healthcare professional or pediatrician before giving Rehmannia or any herbal remedy to children to ensure it’s both safe and beneficial for their age and condition.
How should Rehmannia be prepared or consumed (e.g., tea, tincture, capsules, tablets)?
Rehmannia can be consumed in various forms, including as a tea, tincture, capsules, or tablets. The choice of preparation often depends on individual preference and the specific health goal. Tea can be made by steeping dried Rehmannia root in hot water, while tinctures involve alcohol-based extracts. Capsules and tablets provide a convenient option for those who prefer a standardized dose. The best method for you depends on your preferences, the desired effects, and any specific health recommendations from a qualified herbalist or healthcare practitioner. Always follow the recommended dosage instructions on the product label or the guidance of a healthcare professional to ensure safe and effective use.
Are there any contraindications or health conditions that may be worsened by Rehmannia?
Contrary to its potential health benefits, Rehmannia can interact with certain health conditions and medications. People with hypoglycemia or diabetes should use it cautiously because it may lower blood sugar levels. Additionally, individuals taking blood-thinning medications like Warfarin should be aware of potential interactions. Always consult with a healthcare professional before incorporating Rehmannia into your routine, especially if you have any underlying health concerns or are on medication.
Where is Rehmannia usually sourced or cultivated?
Rehmannia primarily originates from China and is commonly cultivated there. It’s also grown in other Asian countries, such as Korea and Japan. The herb prefers well-drained, moist soil and is typically cultivated in areas with temperate climates.
Is Rehmannia legal to possess and use in the United States?
Yes, Rehmannia is legal to possess and use in the United States. It is categorized as a dietary supplement and is readily available in health food stores, online retailers, and traditional Chinese medicine shops. However, it’s essential to purchase Rehmannia from reputable sources to ensure product quality and safety.
Are there any known allergens in Rehmannia?
Rehmannia itself is not known to contain common allergens. However, it’s crucial to be cautious about potential cross-contamination when purchasing Rehmannia products, especially if you have known allergies. Always check product labels for allergen warnings and choose products from trusted manufacturers.
May Rehmannia supplements contain contaminants like pesticides or heavy metals?
Rehmannia supplements may carry the risk of containing contaminants like pesticides or heavy metals, depending on the source and quality control measures of the manufacturer. To mitigate this risk, opt for Rehmannia products from reputable brands that provide third-party testing and certification for purity and quality. This ensures that you are getting a safe and reliable product without harmful contaminants.
Are there any known long-term effects of using Rehmannia?
Long-term use of Rehmannia supplements, when taken within recommended doses, is generally considered safe for most people. It has a history of traditional use in Chinese herbal medicine without significant reports of adverse effects. However, like with any supplement, individual reactions may vary. Some potential long-term effects may include digestive discomfort or mild allergic reactions in rare cases. To ensure safety, it’s advisable to consult with a healthcare professional before starting a long-term regimen, especially if you have underlying medical conditions or are taking other medications.
Do Rehmannia supplements have a specific shelf life or expiration date?
Rehmannia supplements typically come with a specific shelf life or expiration date indicated on the packaging. The shelf life can vary depending on the manufacturer and the form of Rehmannia (e.g., capsules, tinctures, or dried root). Generally, properly stored Rehmannia supplements can remain viable for one to three years. To maximize their potency and safety, store them in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, and always check the expiration date before use. Expired supplements may not be as effective and could potentially be less safe.
What is the best time of day to take Rehmannia?
The best time of day to take Rehmannia can vary depending on your personal preferences and lifestyle. Some people find it convenient to take it in the morning with breakfast to help kickstart their day, while others prefer taking it in the evening with dinner or before bedtime. It’s generally recommended to split your daily dosage into two or more smaller servings to maintain consistent levels in your system. Ultimately, the best time to take Rehmannia is when it’s most convenient for you, as long as you follow the recommended dosage guidelines.
Should Rehmannia pills be taken with food or on an empty stomach?
Rehmannia pills can typically be taken with or without food, depending on your preference and any specific instructions provided by the manufacturer. Some individuals may experience mild digestive discomfort when taking supplements on an empty stomach, so taking them with a meal can help mitigate this. However, if you don’t experience any issues, you can take them on an empty stomach as well. It’s advisable to follow the manufacturer’s recommendations on the product label for the best results.
Are there any dietary restrictions or guidelines while using Rehmannia?
While using Rehmannia, there are no strict dietary restrictions. However, it’s a good practice to maintain a balanced and healthy diet to support overall well-being. If you have specific dietary concerns or restrictions due to underlying health conditions or other medications you’re taking, it’s essential to consult with a healthcare professional. They can provide personalized guidance on incorporating Rehmannia into your dietary regimen while considering your individual needs and health goals. Always ensure that Rehmannia supplements are compatible with your existing dietary and medical requirements.
What is the recommended duration of use for Rehmannia?
The recommended duration of use for Rehmannia can vary depending on individual health goals and the specific form of Rehmannia being used. Generally, it is advisable to follow the recommended dosage instructions provided on the product label or consult with a healthcare professional for personalized guidance. Long-term use should be discussed with a healthcare provider to monitor its effects and adjust as needed.
Is it advisable to consult a healthcare professional before using Rehmannia?
Yes, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional before using Rehmannia, especially if you have any pre-existing medical conditions, are taking medications, are pregnant or breastfeeding, or have concerns about potential interactions. A healthcare provider can help determine the appropriate dosage and assess whether Rehmannia is suitable for your specific health needs.
Are there any special precautions for storing Rehmannia supplements?
To maintain the potency and freshness of Rehmannia supplements, it’s essential to store them in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and moisture. Ensure the container is tightly sealed to prevent exposure to air, which can lead to degradation of the active compounds over time. Following these storage precautions can help extend the shelf life of your Rehmannia supplements.
How does Rehmannia taste, and can it be mixed with other herbs or foods for palatability?
Rehmannia supplements typically have a slightly bitter and earthy taste. Some people find the taste tolerable on its own, while others prefer to mix it with other herbs or foods for improved palatability. You can blend Rehmannia with herbal teas, and smoothies, or even incorporate it into recipes to mask the taste while still enjoying its potential benefits.
What other supplements work well together with Rehmannia?
Rehmannia is often used in combination with other herbal supplements to enhance its benefits and address specific health concerns. Some herbal supplements that work well in conjunction with Rehmannia include:
- Ginseng (Panax Ginseng): Rehmannia and Ginseng are frequently combined to improve energy levels, enhance vitality, and support the immune system. This combination can help combat fatigue and increase stamina.
- Astragalus: When used with Rehmannia, Astragalus can strengthen the immune system and provide additional support for overall well-being. It’s a common combination in traditional Chinese medicine.
- Dong Quai (Angelica sinensis): Rehmannia and Dong Quai are often used together to address women’s health concerns, particularly in managing menstrual irregularities and menopausal symptoms.
- Licorice Root: Licorice can complement Rehmannia by supporting adrenal health, reducing inflammation, and enhancing digestion. This combination is commonly used to address adrenal fatigue and stress-related conditions.
- Schisandra: Rehmannia and Schisandra together can provide adaptogenic benefits, helping the body adapt to stress, improve energy, and support liver function.
- Goji Berry (Lycium): Rehmannia and Goji Berry can be combined for their antioxidant-rich and anti-aging properties. This combination is often used to support eye health and overall vitality.
- Milk Thistle: Combining Rehmannia with Milk Thistle can provide comprehensive liver support. It can help detoxify the liver and enhance its ability to process toxins.
- Horny Goat Weed (Epimedium): Rehmannia and Horny Goat Weed are often used together for their potential benefits in supporting sexual health and enhancing libido.
- Ashwagandha: Combining Rehmannia with Ashwagandha can enhance stress reduction and overall well-being. These adaptogenic herbs may work synergistically to combat stress and improve energy levels.
- Maca Root: Rehmannia and Maca Root are often paired to increase stamina and vitality. This combination can be beneficial for those looking to boost physical performance and overall energy.
- Rhodiola Rosea: Rehmannia and Rhodiola Rosea are both adaptogenic herbs known for their stress-relieving properties. Combining them may provide extra support in managing stress and improving mental clarity.
- Turmeric (Curcumin): Combining Rehmannia with Turmeric or its active compound, curcumin, may have anti-inflammatory and joint-supporting benefits. It’s a good choice for individuals looking to alleviate pain and improve joint health.
- Holy Basil (Tulsi): Rehmannia and Holy Basil are both adaptogens that can work in harmony to reduce stress, support the immune system, and improve resilience to stressors.
- Ginkgo Biloba: Combining Rehmannia with Ginkgo Biloba may provide a holistic approach to improving cognitive function, memory, and mental clarity.
Is there any scientific research or clinical evidence supporting Rehmannia’s effectiveness?
Scientific research on Rehmannia has shown promising potential in various areas. Studies have investigated its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and immunomodulatory properties. It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries, and some clinical trials suggest that it may be beneficial in managing conditions like diabetes, hypertension, and kidney disease. However, it’s essential to note that while there is growing interest and some positive findings, more rigorous research is needed to establish its effectiveness conclusively.
Find the Best Rehmannia Products
Thousands of customer reviews are available to help you make the right choice. Embrace the power of nature!
Are there any age restrictions for using Rehmannia (e.g., suitable for the elderly)?
Rehmannia is generally considered safe for individuals of different age groups, including the elderly when used in appropriate doses. It has been traditionally used to address age-related issues and support vitality. However, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional, especially if you have underlying health conditions or are taking medications. They can provide personalized guidance and ensure it doesn’t interact with any existing treatments.
Does Rehmannia require a specific preparation method, such as decoction or infusion?
Yes, Rehmannia is typically prepared through decoction. To make a decoction, you would simmer the dried or raw Rehmannia root in water for a specific duration, usually around 20-30 minutes. This method is preferred as it helps extract the beneficial compounds effectively. However, there are other ways to consume Rehmannia, such as in powdered or capsule form, which may not require the same preparation process.
Can Rehmannia be used topically (externally) in addition to internal consumption?
Yes, Rehmannia can be used topically for certain purposes. Rehmannia extracts, creams, or ointments may be applied externally to address skin issues, such as rashes or minor irritations. Additionally, some traditional practices involve using Rehmannia topically to soothe joint discomfort or muscle pain. Always follow the recommended guidelines for topical use and consult with a healthcare professional if you have any concerns.
Are there any known symptoms of overdose or excessive use of Rehmannia?
While Rehmannia is generally considered safe, excessive use or overdose may lead to potential side effects. These can include digestive discomfort, diarrhea, or allergic reactions in some individuals. It’s crucial to follow the recommended dosage guidelines provided by a healthcare practitioner or on the product label. If you experience any adverse effects, discontinue use and seek medical advice promptly. As with any herbal remedy, moderation and appropriate dosing are essential for safe consumption.
What is Rehmannia’s mode of action within the body?
Rehmannia’s mode of action within the body primarily revolves around its bioactive compounds, which are believed to exert various therapeutic effects. One of its key components, catalpol, is known for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This compound is thought to modulate the immune system and help reduce inflammation. Additionally, Rehmannia may have an impact on hormonal balance, particularly concerning the adrenal glands and the endocrine system.
Are there any known synergistic effects when Rehmannia is combined with specific nutrients?
When Rehmannia is combined with specific nutrients or herbs, it may exhibit synergistic effects. For instance, it is often used in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulations alongside herbs like Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra) and Dong Quai (Angelica sinensis) to enhance its therapeutic benefits. These combinations are believed to balance and strengthen various bodily systems, particularly for conditions related to the kidneys and reproductive health.
Does Rehmannia have a distinct aroma or essential oil that may have therapeutic benefits?
Rehmannia does not have a distinct aroma or produce essential oils like some other botanicals. Its therapeutic properties primarily stem from its chemical constituents, rather than aromatic compounds. Therefore, it is not commonly used for aromatherapy.
Are there any cultural or historical uses of Rehmannia that should be considered?
Rehmannia has a rich history in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), where it has been used for thousands of years. It is considered a “tonic” herb, used to nourish and strengthen the kidneys and blood. Its historical uses include addressing conditions related to aging, reproductive health, and vitality. In TCM, it is often part of herbal formulas tailored to an individual’s specific constitution and health concerns.
Does Rehmannia have any spiritual or ceremonial significance in certain traditions?
While Rehmannia does not have specific spiritual or ceremonial significance in the way some other plants or herbs do, it holds cultural importance in traditional Chinese and Korean medicine. Its historical use in these cultures is deeply rooted in the belief that it can help restore balance and vitality to the body, which aligns with broader spiritual principles of health and harmony. However, it is not associated with specific religious rituals or ceremonies.
Are there any variations in Rehmannia’s potency based on its geographic origin?
Yes, there can be variations in the potency of Rehmannia depending on its geographic origin. Factors such as soil quality, climate, and cultivation methods can influence the plant’s chemical composition. Generally, Rehmannia grown in regions with optimal conditions may contain higher concentrations of active compounds, making it more potent. However, rigorous quality control measures are often in place for commercially available Rehmannia products to ensure consistency and potency regardless of the geographic source.
Does Rehmannia have a known effect on specific organs or body systems?
Rehmannia is commonly associated with benefits for the kidneys and the adrenal glands. It is believed to support kidney health and may help regulate the endocrine system. Additionally, it’s thought to have potential benefits for the circulatory system and immune function due to its antioxidant properties. However, individual responses can vary, and their effects on specific organs or systems may differ among individuals.
Are there any known interactions of Rehmannia with commonly prescribed medications?
Rehmannia may interact with certain medications, particularly those affecting blood sugar levels or blood pressure. Individuals taking antidiabetic drugs or medications for hypertension should exercise caution and consult a healthcare professional before using Rehmannia supplements. It’s essential to monitor blood sugar and blood pressure levels closely when combining Rehmannia with prescription medications.
What are the potential benefits and risks of long-term or chronic use of Rehmannia?
Long-term or chronic use of Rehmannia is generally considered safe when used within recommended dosages. Potential benefits may include improved kidney function, adrenal support, and overall well-being. However, prolonged use at high doses may lead to side effects such as digestive disturbances. It’s advisable to consult a healthcare provider before using Rehmannia as a long-term supplement, especially if you have underlying medical conditions.
Is it advisable to cycle on and off Rehmannia to prevent tolerance or dependence?
Cycling on and off Rehmannia can be a sensible approach for some individuals, especially if using it regularly for an extended period. This may help prevent the development of tolerance or dependence. Cycling typically involves using Rehmannia for a set period, followed by a break of equal duration. However, the need for cycling can vary depending on individual responses, and it’s best to consult a healthcare practitioner for personalized guidance on the duration and timing of cycling with Rehmannia.
Are there any precautions regarding driving or operating machinery while using Rehmannia?
There are no specific precautions regarding driving or operating machinery associated with the use of Rehmannia. However, it’s important to note that individual responses to herbal supplements can vary. Some people might experience dizziness or drowsiness when using Rehmannia, especially at higher doses. If you are using Rehmannia and notice any side effects that impair your ability to drive or operate machinery safely, it’s advisable to avoid these activities until you are sure of how the herb affects you.
Are there any dietary restrictions or lifestyle changes recommended while using Rehmannia?
There are no specific dietary restrictions associated with Rehmannia use. However, maintaining a balanced and healthy diet can complement the potential benefits of this herb. It’s always a good idea to consult with a healthcare professional or herbalist for personalized recommendations based on your individual health needs.
Does Rehmannia have any specific recommendations for addressing common side effects?
Common side effects associated with Rehmannia may include mild digestive discomfort or diarrhea, particularly when taken in high doses. To address these issues, it’s recommended to start with a lower dose and gradually increase it to allow your body to adjust. Additionally, taking Rehmannia with food can help reduce the likelihood of digestive upset. If side effects persist or worsen, consult a healthcare provider for guidance.
Are there any known variations or subspecies of Rehmannia with different properties?
Yes, there are several species and subspecies of Rehmannia, each with its unique properties and traditional uses. For example, Rehmannia glutinosa is the most commonly used species in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) and is known for its potential benefits in nourishing the yin and supporting kidney health. Rehmannia elata is another species used in herbal medicine, and it may have different applications. It’s essential to differentiate between these species and select the one that aligns with your specific health goals.
Does Rehmannia have any documented cases of misuse or abuse?
Rehmannia is generally considered safe when used as directed and in appropriate doses. However, like many herbal supplements, there is potential for misuse or overuse, which can lead to adverse effects. Misuse may involve taking excessively high doses or using it for conditions not supported by scientific evidence. To ensure safe and effective use, it’s advisable to follow recommended dosages and consult with a qualified healthcare practitioner or herbalist when incorporating Rehmannia into your wellness regimen.
Is Rehmannia regulated or approved for medicinal use in the United States?
Rehmannia, specifically Rehmannia glutinosa, is not widely regulated or approved for medicinal use by government agencies like the FDA in the United States. It falls under the category of dietary supplements and is subject to less stringent regulation compared to pharmaceutical drugs. However, it is essential to note that some Rehmannia-based products might be available in the market, but they are typically sold as dietary supplements or herbal remedies. The regulation of such products focuses more on their safety and labeling than their efficacy.
Are there any known interactions of Rehmannia when combined with other medicinal herbs?
There is limited documented information on interactions between Rehmannia and other medicinal herbs. However, as a general guideline when combining herbs, it’s advisable to consult a healthcare professional or herbalist. Some herbs may interact with medications or have synergistic effects when used together, which can impact their overall safety and efficacy. Individual reactions can vary, so it’s crucial to exercise caution and seek expert advice if you plan to combine Rehmannia with other herbs or supplements.
How does Rehmannia’s preparation or dosage change for acute versus chronic conditions?
The preparation and dosage of Rehmannia can vary depending on whether it’s being used for acute or chronic conditions. In acute situations, a higher dosage may be recommended initially to address the immediate issue. For example, in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Rehmannia might be used at higher doses for a short duration to alleviate acute symptoms.
In contrast, for chronic conditions or long-term use, a lower and more sustainable dosage is typically preferred. This is to minimize the risk of potential side effects and maintain a balance in the body over an extended period. The specific dosage and preparation may also vary based on individual factors and the guidance of a qualified healthcare practitioner.
Find the Best Rehmannia Products
Thousands of customer reviews are available to help you make the right choice. Embrace the power of nature!
Are there any known withdrawal symptoms when discontinuing the use of Rehmannia?
There are no widely reported withdrawal symptoms associated with discontinuing the use of Rehmannia. However, it’s essential to note that individual reactions can vary, and more recent research or clinical observations may have emerged since then. When considering discontinuation of any herbal remedy or supplement, it’s advisable to do so gradually and under the guidance of a healthcare professional. Monitoring for any adverse reactions or changes in your condition is essential during this process to ensure a smooth transition.
What are the best supplement brands of Rehmannia?
Some reputable brands are known for producing high-quality Rehmannia supplements. One such brand is Nature’s Way. They are well-regarded for their commitment to quality and the use of rigorous testing procedures to ensure purity and potency. Another trusted option is Gaia Herbs, which offers a wide range of herbal supplements, including Rehmannia-based products, and is renowned for its organic farming and extraction methods. Planetary Herbals is also worth considering, as they have a strong reputation for producing herbal supplements using traditional methods. Additionally, Herb Pharm is a well-established brand that emphasizes organic and sustainable sourcing, which many consumers value.
Article References & Sources
At AncientHerbsWisdom, our content relies on reputable sources, including peer-reviewed studies, to substantiate the information presented in our articles. Our primary objective is to ensure that our content is thoroughly fact-checked, maintaining a commitment to accuracy, reliability, and trustworthiness.
- Traditional Chinese medicine: An introduction. (n.d.)
http://nccam.nih.gov/health/whatiscam/chinesemed.htm - Yuan, H., Yang, M., Han, X., & Ni, X. (2018). The Therapeutic Effect of the Chinese Herbal Medicine, Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder via Reversal of Structural Abnormalities in the Cortex. Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine: ECAM, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3052058
- Melanie-Jayne R. Howes, … Peter J. Houghton, in International Review of Neurobiology, 2017
- I. Irem Tatli, … Zeliha S. Akdemir, in Bioactive Nutraceuticals and Dietary Supplements in Neurological and Brain Disease, 2015
- Wang Y, Kwak M, Lee PC, Jin JO. Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide promoted activation of human dendritic cells. Int J Biol Macromol. 2018;116:232‐238. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29715554
- Zheng X.-K., et al. Immunomodulatory effect of prepared radix rehmanniae extract in vitro. Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal. 2012;47(24):1995–2000.
- Begüm Ünlü, in Herbal Medicines, 2022
- Zhou J, Xu G, Yan J, et al. Rehmannia glutinosa (Gaertn.) DC. polysaccharide ameliorates hyperglycemia, hyperlipemia and vascular inflammation in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic mice. J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;164:229‐238. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25698243
- Chen, W., Li, X., Jia, L., Wang, J., Zhang, L., Hou, D., Wang, J., & Ren, L. (2013). Neuroprotective activities of catalpol against CaMKII-dependent apoptosis induced by LPS in PC12 cells. British Journal of Pharmacology, 169(5), 1140-1152
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/bph.12200 - Huang Y, Jiang C, Hu Y, et al. Immunoenhancement effect of Rehmannia glutinosa polysaccharide on lymphocyte proliferation and dendritic cell. Carbohyd Polym. 2013;96:516‐521. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23768595
- Tillotson, A. K., Tillotson, N., & Abel, R. (2001). The one Earth herbal sourcebook: everything you need to know about Chinese, Western, and Ayurvedic herbal treatments. New York, NY: Twin Streams.
- Dr med.Carl-Hermann Hempen, Dr med., Dr sc. nat.Toni Fischer, in A Materia Medica for Chinese Medicine, 2009
- Bai, L., Chen, W., & Qin, C. (2018). Rehmannia glutinosa exhibits anti‐aging effect through maintaining the quiescence and decreasing the senescence of hematopoietic stem cells. Animal Models and Experimental Medicine, 1(3), 194-202. https://doi.org/10.1002/ame2.12034
- Lee BC, Choi JB, Cho HJ, Kim YS. Rehmannia glutinosa ameliorates the progressive renal failure induced by 5/6 nephrectomy. J Ethnopharmacol. 2009;122:131‐135. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19146934
- Credentialing: Understanding the education, training, regulation, and licensing of complementary health practitioners. (n.d.)
http://nccam.nih.gov/health/decisions/credentialing.htm